Using basic knowledge of social sciences (sociology, anthropology, philosophy, political economy etc.) and theoretical approaches as a departure point, an analytical and synthetic approach is used to investigate issues related to the history of civilization as a whole (the relationship between material and spiritual civilization) as well as for specific periods (Antiquity, Middle Ages, Renaissance and transition to modernity, modernity etc.). Issues of modern civilization are underlined, combined with a critical approach on certain theories that attempt to interpret modern civilization (behaviorism, postmodernism, etc.)